Cytotoxicity of Combined Lactiplantibacillus plantarum BS25 and Pediococcus acidilactici 3G3 Cell-Free Supernatants on MCF-7 Human Breast Cancer Cell Line

Abstract

Statistics on breast cancer highlights the need to develop new therapeutics that are natural, safe, and effective. Recent studies have presented the cytotoxic activity of various lactic acid bacteria against cancer cells. This study determined the cytotoxic effects of the combined cell-free supernatants (CFS) of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum BS25 and Pediococcus acidilactici 3G3 against the MCF-7 human breast cancer cell line. Seven ratios of the combined CFS from L. plantarum BS25 and P. acidilactici 3G3 were prepared and subjected to an MTT assay to determine which ratio exerted the highest cytotoxic effect on the cancer cells. The AA8 Chinese hamster ovarian cell line, composed of non-malignant cells, was employed as reference. The manner of cell death was determined using the Annexin Propidium Iodide (Annexin-PI) assay. The effect of the combined CFS on angiogenesis was also examined through chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay. It was revealed that all seven combined CFS ratios displayed similar cytotoxic activity against the MCF-7 breast cancer cells. The combined CFS exhibited significantly higher cytotoxic effects towards the non-cancerous AA8 cell line rather than the malignant MCF-7 cell line. Most cells undergoing cell death were identified to be in the late apoptotic stage. Moreover, all combined CFS ratios exhibited anti-angiogenic effects. Hence, the cytotoxic properties of the combined CFS supports its great potential in the development of localized treatment of cancer cells.